Hydrological processes refer to the movement, distribution, and quality of water on the Earth's surface and in the atmosphere. This research area focuses on studying the interactions between water and various environmental factors, such as climate, soil, vegetation, and land use. Key aspects of hydrological processes include precipitation, evaporation, infiltration, runoff, groundwater flow, and streamflow. Researchers in this field analyze the dynamics of water movement in watersheds, rivers, lakes, and oceans to understand how water is transported, stored, and transformed in different ecosystems. Hydrological processes play a crucial role in determining water availability, water quality, and the resilience of ecosystems to environmental changes. Understanding these processes is essential for sustainable water management, flood control, drought prediction, and water resources planning. Researchers in this field often use a combination of field measurements, remote sensing, computer modeling, and data analysis to study and predict hydrological processes at various spatial and temporal scales.